Services > Company Profile > Director's Reports
Tata Power Company Ltd Power Generation And Supply
BSE Code
500400
ISIN Demat
INE245A01021
Book Value
47.36
NSE Symbol
TATAPOWER
Div & Yield %
1.36892
Market Cap (Rs Cr.)
21690.134
P/E
16.70932
EPS
5.47
Face Value
1
THE TATA POWER COMPANY LIMITED

ANNUAL REPORT 2009-2010

DIRECTOR'S REPORT

TO 
THE MEMBERS,

The Directors are pleased to present their Ninety - First Annual Report  on 
the  business and operations of the Company and the statements  of  account 
for the year ended 31st March, 2010.

1. FINANCIAL RESULTS                                 Figures in Rs. crores
                                        Standalone         Consolidated
                                     FY 2010  FY 2009   FY 2010   FY 2009

(a) Net Sales/Income from           7,098.27  7,236.23 18,985.84 18,061.32
Other Operations       

(b) Operating Expenditure           5,219.66  6,095.29 15,132.64 14,411.69

(c) Operating Profit                1,878.61  1,140.94  3,853.20  3,649.63

(d) Add: Other Income (incl.          281.58    632.35    588.88    563.94
net gain on exchange)      

(e) Less: Interest and                422.99    327.76    781.82    812.88
Finance charges       

(f) Profit before Depreciation      1,737.20  1,445.53  3,660.26  3,400.69
and Tax       

(g) Less: Depreciation/               477.94    328.85    892.96    936.86
Amortisation/Impairment     

(h) Profit before Tax               1,259.26  1,116.68  2,767.30  2,463.83

(i) Less: Provision for Taxes         320.50    194.48    628.66  1,165.10
(including provision for 
Deferred Tax and Fringe 
Benefit Tax)           

(j) Net Profit after Tax              938.76    922.20  2,138.64  1,298.73

(k) Less: Minority Interest                -         -    233.46    107.56     

(l) Add: Share of Profit of                -         -     61.66     27.57   
Associates       

(m) Net Profit after Tax,             938.76    922.20  1,966.84  1,218.74
Minority Interest and Share 
of Profit of Associates 

(n) Less: Statutory                   (8.89)   (45.30)    (8.89)   (45.30)
Appropriations       

(o) Distributable Profi ts            947.65    967.50  1,975.73  1,264.04


(p) Add: Balance brought forward    2,253.21  2,105.22  2,476.54  2,067.17
from the previous year

(q) Add: Reserves acquired                 -         -    (1.90)         -
during the year  

(r) Balance                         3,200.86  3,072.72  4,450.37  3,331.21
which the Directors have 
appropriated as under to:

(i)  Proposed Dividend                285.05    255.26    285.05    255.26

(ii) Dividend                           0.31      0.72      0.31      0.72

(iii) Additional Income -              37.98     31.75     49.05     44.86
tax on Dividend     

(iv) Debenture Redemption              59.77     31.78     59.77     31.78
Reserve  

(v) General Reserve                   400.00    500.00    410.61    519.28

(vi) Special Reserve Fund                  -         -      3.02      0.77

(vii) Self Insurance Reserve               -         -      2.00      2.00

TOTAL                                 783.11    819.51    809.81    854.67

(s) Leaving a balance of            2,417.75  2,253.21  3,640.56  2,476.54
to be carried forward                 

2. FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

2.1 Standalone results:

During  the year, the Company reported its highest ever Profi t  after  Tax 
(PAT)  of Rs. 938.76 crores, as against Rs. 922.20 crores for the  previous 
year,  a  growth  of 2%. The Operating Revenue was lower  at  Rs.  7,098.27 
crores, as against Rs. 7,236.23 crores, a decline of 2%. Operating  Revenue 
was  lower mainly due to lower fuel cost in the Mumbai regulated  business. 
The  Operating Profi t was higher by 65% due to operational  effi  ciencies 
and higher volume of business. Other Income was lower at Rs. 281.58 crores, 
as  against  Rs. 632.35 crores, a decline of 55%. This was  mainly  due  to 
lower gain on exchange of Rs. 51.98 crores as against Rs. 144.33 crores for 
the previous year. The previous year included profi t of Rs. 255.78  crores 
from the sale of long term investments as against Rs. 0.03 crore during the 
year under review.

Earnings  per share (basic) decreased by about 7% to Rs. 40.77  as  against 
Rs.  43.69 in the previous year. This is mainly due to the increase in  the 
equity capital (from 22,14,24,443 shares to 23,73,07,236 shares) due to the 
conversion  of  Foreign  Currency Convertible Bonds (FCCBs)  and  issue  of 
shares underlying Global Depository Receipts (GDRs). 

2.2 Consolidated results:

The  Consolidated Operating Revenue at Rs. 18,985.84 crores grew by 5%  and 
PAT at Rs. 1,966.84 crores grew by 61% as against Rs. 18,061.32 crores  and 
Rs.  1,218.74 crores respectively, for the previous year. The  increase  in 
the  Consolidated Operating Revenue was primarily on account of the  higher 
coal  sales in Indonesian Coal Companies and higher revenue in North  Delhi 
Power  Limited (NDPL). The Consolidated PAT is higher mainly on account  of 
higher  revenue,  forex gain in Coastal Gujarat Power  Limited  (CGPL)  and 
lower impairment of investment compared to the previous year.

3. DIVIDEND:

The Directors of your Company are pleased to recommend a higher dividend of 
120% (Rs. 12 per share) for the approval of the shareholders (FY09 dividend 
of Rs. 11.5 per share).

4. EXISTING BUSINESSES:

As  of 31st March, 2010, the Company had an installed capacity of 2,977  MW 
based  on  various fuel sources: thermal (coal,  gas,  oil),  hydroelectric 
power,  renewable  energy  (wind)  and waste  gases.  The  details  of  the 
installed capacity are given in Table 1. 

Table 1 : Details of installed capacity

Fuel Source         Location       State          Installed    Category    
                                                   Capacity       Total       
                                                      (MW)         (MW)        




Thermal -           Trombay        Maharashtra       1,580 }
coal/oil/gas        Jojobera       Jharkhand           428 }      2,089
                    Belgaum        Karnataka            81 }

Thermal-waste       Haldia         West Bengal         120          120
gases 

Thermal-production  Jamshedpur     Jharkhand           120          120
gases 

Hydro               Bhira          Maharashtra         300 }
                    Bhivpuri       Maharashtra          75 }        447
                    Khopoli        Maharashtra          72 }

Renewables          Wind farms     Maharashtra,        201          201
                                   Gujarat,
                                   Karnataka

Total                                                2,977        2,977

4.1 Operational Highlights:

The  Company  generated 15,946 Million Units (MUs) of power  from  all  its 
power  plants  during the year as compared to 14,807 MUs  in  the  previous 
year, an increase of 8%.

4.2 Tata Power - Mumbai Operations

4.2.1 Generation:

The generation Units are at Trombay (1,580 MW thermal), and Bhira, Bhivpuri 
and Khopoli (447 MW hydroelectric).

* Trombay Thermal Power Station

The Trombay Thermal Power Station has an installed capacity of 1,580 MW, of 
which primarily 750 MW is coal fi red, 650 MW uses oil and the balance  180 
MW  uses  gas as a source. However, Unit 5 also has multi -  fuel  fi  ring 
capability.

During the year, the station recorded its highest ever generation of 10,168 
MUs  (previous  best of 10,002 MUs in FY08) with an all time high  coal  fi 
ring  of  23.56 lakhs MT, due to commissioning of Unit 8.  The  operational 
performance of the current Units is given in Table 2.

Table 2 : Details of thermal power generation for FY10 - Trombay

            Generation (MUs)       Generation           Plant Load 
                                  Availability         Factor (PLF)
              FY10    FY09       FY10      FY09       FY10       FY09

Trombay      10,168   9,845       87%       91%        73%        84%

During the year, the Company successfully completed the overhaul of Unit  5 
during  which  the Unit underwent major renovation and  modernization.  The 
station  was  bestowed  a  number of awards. Chief  among  them  are  'Best 
Operation  and  Maintenance Project in Asia' by Asian  Power  Awards  2009, 
'Award for Trombay Thermal Power Station Unit 8 - Commissioning of the Unit 
before  the stipulated target time' by the Council of Power  Utilities  and 
Silver Shield for Unit 8 for speedy completion and commissioning of project 
by the Ministry of Power, Government of India under its Comprehensive Award 
Scheme 2008 - 09.

* Hydro Stations - Bhira, Bhivpuri and Khopoli

The Company has three hydroelectric power generating stations, totaling 447 
MW, located in the Raigad district of Maharashtra.

During the year, the three hydro power plants collectively generated  1,455 
MUs  as  against 1,151 MUs generated in the previous year, an  increase  of 
26%.  The Company completed the overhaul of 24 MW Unit 8 at Khopoli  in  15 
days (earlier cycle time of 17 days).

Table 3 : Details of hydroelectric power generation for FY10
            Generation (MUs)       Generation           Plant Load 
                                  Availability         Factor (PLF)
              FY10    FY09       FY10      FY09       FY10       FY09

Khopoli        259     274        98%       96%        41%        43%

Bhira (Old)    349     221        99%       98%        27%        17%

Bhira          542     356        99%       90%        41%        27%
Pumped 
Storage 
Unit 

Bhivpuri       305     300        97%       96%        46%        46%

Total        1,455   1,151        99%       95%        37%        29%

4.2.2 Transmission:

The Company has about 1,100 Circuit Kms. of transmission network in  Mumbai 
Operations  area, comprising 973 Circuit Kms. of 220 kV / 110  kV  overhead 
lines  and  124 Circuit Kms. of 220 kV / 110 kV underground  cables,  which 
connects Trombay and the hydro generating stations to 17 receiving stations 
(RSs) spread across the Mumbai Operations area. The transmission lines  are 
used  by  the Company's own distribution  business,  Brihanmumbai  Electric 
Supply and Transport Undertaking (BEST) and Reliance Infrastructure Limited 
(RInfra). The major highlights for the year:

*  Capacity  expansion  was  completed  for  meeting  projected  growth  in 
Distribution Companies (discoms) and Railway load requirement.

*  Under  Jan Jagruti Abhiyaan 2010 initiative, an awareness  campaign  for 
community safety and overhead line fault reduction, awareness programs  for 
school  children were held in Borivali and Kalyan section,  covering  1,115 
students from 6 schools.

During  the year, transmission grid availability was 98.86% as against  the 
Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission (MERC) norm of 98%.

4.2.3 Distribution:

The  Company's  distribution  business in Mumbai  has  attained  tremendous 
growth  during  the  year  with the addition  of  4,225  consumers  on  the 
Company's  wires and 28,270 changeover consumers. MERC, in its order  dated 
15th  October,  2009, allowed changeover of consumers from  RInfra  to  the 
Company and vice versa (Refer Section 12.4.4). The major highlights for the 
year:

*  All reliability indices have improved compared to the previous year  due 
to  faster  restoration  of power supply to  consumers  using  distribution 
automation   system   and  reduction  in  interruptions  due   to   network 
improvement.

*  To meet the increased demand with changeover of consumers,  the  Company 
has  undertaken  various  actions including  commissioning  2  distribution 
substations  (DSS), 50 consumer substations (CSS) and 105 Circuit  Kms.  of 
cable network (the highest since FY01) to take the total network length  to 
more than 1,350 Circuit Kms., development of 'Customer Connect' portal  for 
consumers,  'Fleet  on Street' team with laptop computers and  web  access, 
etc.

*  Tata Power Distribution was bestowed the Gold Shield by the Ministry  of 
Power,  Government  of  India  under its  Comprehensive  Award  Scheme  for 
meritorious  Operations  and Maintenance (O & M) performance in  the  power 
sector for FY09.

4.3 Tata Power Captive Power Plant (CPP) / Independent Power Producer (IPP) 
business

Table 4 : Details of thermal power generation for FY10 - CPP/IPP

            Generation (MUs)       Generation           Plant Load 
                                  Availability         Factor (PLF)
              FY10    FY09       FY10      FY09       FY10       FY09

Jojobera     3,002   3,009        93%       94%        80%        80%
Belgaum        394     447        79%       91%        55%        63%
Haldia         608     179        89%       85%        70%        17%

4.3.1 Jojobera Thermal Power Station:

The  Jojobera Thermal Power Station in Jharkhand has an installed  capacity 
of 428 MW. During the year, the station recorded a generation of 3,002  MUs 
as compared to 3,009 MUs in the previous year. Unit 1 and Unit 3  underwent 
complete  turbine overhaul for the fi rst time since  their  commissioning, 
resulting in signifi cant improvement in the heat rate of these Units.

4.3.2 Belgaum Thermal Power Station:

The  Belgaum Thermal Power Station, an IPP in Karnataka, has a  heavy  fuel 
oil  based  generation  capacity  of 81 MW.  During  the  year,  the  plant 
generated  394 MUs as compared to 447 MUs in the previous year, a  decrease 
of  12%  due to lower demand by Karnataka  Power  Transmission  Corporation 
Limited  during the rainy season. Major overhaul was carried out for  Units 
1, 3 and 4.

4.3.3 Haldia Power Plant:

During  the  year, the Company commissioned Unit 3 of 30 MW,  resulting  in 
increase in the installed capacity of the plant to 120 MW. These Units  use 
hot coke oven gas from Hooghly Metcoke and Power Company Limited to produce 
steam for power generation. One sixth of the power generated is  contracted 
to  West  Bengal  State Electricity Distribution Company  Limited  and  the 
balance  is traded through Tata Power Trading Company Limited  (Tata  Power 
Trading).  During the year, the collective generation of all Units was  608 
MUs. The Company completed major repairs on Unit 1, annual overhauling of 6 
boilers  of Unit 2 for license renewal and renovation job of both  circuits 
of 132 kV transmission line.

4.4 Wind Generation:

During the year, the Company commissioned an additional 42 MW of wind power 
capacity,  taking the total capacity to 201 MW. The installed capacity  for 
wind power generation at various locations is given in Table 5.

Table 5 : Details of installed capacity - wind

Location            State                      Installed 
                                             Capacity (MW)

Supa                Maharashtra                   17
Bramanvel           Maharashtra                   11
Khandke             Maharashtra                   50
Samana              Gujarat                       50
Gadag               Karnataka                     50
Sadawaghapur        Maharashtra                   18
Visapur             Maharashtra                    4

Total                                            201*

* Total does not add up due to rounding off.

The collective generation by the wind farms was 320 MUs during the year  as 
against 177 MUs in the previous year.

4.5 Power Services Business:

The  Power Services business is a new division created within  the  Company 
with  a view to leverage the Company's capability and experience  in  power 
plant  operations  and  maintenance, project  management,  EPC  management, 
specialized  testing  services  and  all  related  activities.  It   offers 
customized  solutions  to  new  as  well  as  existing  power  plants   and 
distribution  networks. The Company has signed an MoU with Korea East  West 
Power  Company  Limited,  one of the largest generation  utilities  of  the 
Republic of Korea (South Korea), initiating technical cooperation in the fi 
eld  of  O&M  of generation assets. During the  year,  the  Power  Services 
division has bagged contracts as below:

*  O&M  Service  for  upcoming 80 MW coal fi red  thermal  power  plant  at 
Gummidipoondi, Chennai of OPG Power Generation Private Limited.

*  Project  Management  Services for 300 MW coal fi red  thermal  plant  at 
Bhadreshwar in Gujarat of OPG Power Gujarat Private Limited.

*  Specialised  Services - GIS Testing Services were delivered  to  Utility 
EnergyTech for HV testing of 245 kV GIS at 3 substations in Mumbai.

* EPC Management Services - EPC job of 11 kV package substation along  with 
cables for National Stock Exchange of India Limited, Mumbai.

4.6 Other business - Tata Power Strategic Electronics Division (SED):

SED  has  been  a  leading  domestic player  in  the  defence  systems  and 
engineering  space  for over four decades and has now emerged  as  a  prime 
contractor to Ministry of Defence (MoD) for indigenous defence products and 
systems.  SED  is  closely working with MoD  and  defence  laboratories  to 
provide products and solutions for the defence requirements of the country, 
and is now recognised as one of the premier suppliers of weapon systems  in 
India. During FY10, SED had a turnover of Rs. 122.84 crores as against  Rs. 
101.01  crores in FY09, a growth of 22%. SED ended the year with  an  order 
backlog in excess of Rs.198 crores. During the year, SED scored a number of 
achievements. Notable among them are:

*  SED successfully cleared the Joint Receipt Inspection (JRI) for  the  fi 

rst  two lots of Pinaka launchers and command posts. The third  and  fourth 
lots have successfully undergone Factory Acceptance Tests.

*  SED  has  recorded signifi cant success in the  offsets  opportunity  by 
clinching  fi ve orders worth about Rs. 13 crores from IAI, Israel.  Phased 
deliveries have already started.

* Phase II of Bengaluru factory upgrade is underway. With increased private 
sector  participation  in defence, SED has the  necessary  credibility  and 
capability to be a long term reliable partner for India's defence forces.

5. NEW GENERATION PROJECTS

5.1 Coastal Gujarat Power Limited:

CGPL,  the Company's wholly owned subsidiary, is implementing the 4,000  MW 
Ultra  Mega  Power  Project  (UMPP) at  Mundra  in  Gujarat.  The  project, 
estimated  to cost Rs. 17,000 crores, is progressing as per schedule,  with 
engineering,  procurement  and construction activities in full  swing.  The 
cumulative  progress till the end of March 2010 was approximately 53%  with 
total  capital  commitments of over 81% of total equipment ordering  and  a 
total   actual  expenditure  of  Rs.  7,270  crores.   Civil,   structural, 
mechanical,  electrical  and control and instrumentation work  is  underway 
with over 11,500 direct and indirect workmen deployed at the site.

The  boiler  hydro  - test for Unit 1 was successfully  completed  on  31st 
March,  2010. 220 kV substation has been charged and construction power  is 
being  drawn  from  this. The fi rst Unit is expected  to  be  commissioned 
during the fi rst half of FY12, as per accelerated commitments given by the 
Company  to the power procurers. Rapid progress is being made on the  other 
Units  as  well. The progress of construction activities for  the  critical  
linkages  viz.  port and transmission being undertaken by Mundra  Port  and 
Special  Economic Zone Limited and Power Grid Corporation of India  Limited 
(PGCIL) respectively are also progressing as per schedule. Adequate  safety 
measures  have been put in place including training and  systems  developed 
with  the  help of leading safety experts like DuPont.  Safety  events  are 
organized regularly to sensitize workers. 


The Company is receiving loan disbursements as per the funding plan. CRISIL 
has  assigned  CGPL 'A+' rating refl ecting the good progress made  by  the 
project.

CGPL  has taken several initiatives for the local community in the area  of 
livelihood  and  income  generation, education and health as  part  of  its 
community relationship programme involving local communities. A green  belt 
development  plan is being prepared to enhance environment  improvement  in 
the project area.

The  Company  and CGPL each have a subsidiary in Singapore -  Trust  Energy 
Resources  Pte. Limited and Energy Eastern Pte. Limited respectively -  for 
meeting the coal and shipping requirements of the project.

5.2 Maithon Joint Venture Project:

Maithon Power Limited (MPL), a joint venture (JV) between the Company (74%) 
and  Damodar Valley Corporation (26%), is constructing a 1,050 MW (2 x  525 
MW)  power plant at Maithon in Jharkhand. The Company is rendering  project 
management  services  to  MPL and will provide O&M  services  to  MPL  post 
commissioning. 

The   project   has  received  all  the  statutory   clearances   including 
environmental  clearance  from  the Ministry  of  Environment  and  Forests 
(MoEF). All the Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) have been signed and power 
evacuation arrangement is in place. 

Ordering  for  all  packages has been completed within  the  budget.  Major 
equipments like boiler drum, boiler pressure parts, cooling towers, turbine 
equipments, etc. have already been erected and balance work is  progressing 
as  per schedule. Unit 1 is expected to be commissioned in the second  half 
of FY11, the major challenge being the railway linkage from the main line.

However,  coal  transportation by road is being worked out for  Unit  1  to 
ensure  timely  commissioning. MPL is fi rming up fuel supplies  from  Coal 
India  Limited and its subsidiaries and certain identifi ed  sources.  Fuel 
Supply Agreement (FSA) has been signed with Bharat Coking Coal Limited  for 
supply of 1.6954 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) on 26th March, 2010.

5.3 Diesel Generation (DG) Capacity:

The Company has sold 6 DG sets (60 MW capacity) in view of high fuel costs. 
The  remaining  4 DG sets are being refurbished and will  be  progressively 
commissioned in the coming year.

5.4 International Projects:

5.4.1 Dagachhu Hydro Power Project, Bhutan:-

The 114 MW (2 x 57MW) Dagachhu project is being implemented by the  Company 
jointly  with Druk Green Power Corporation Limited of Bhutan. Ordering  for 
the project has been completed and contractors have mobilized at site.  All 
statutory  clearances,  land, water and environment  clearances  have  been 
received  and  PPA  for the entire quantum of power has  been  signed.  The 
project is expected to be commissioned in FY14.

5.5 Renewable Projects:

5.5.1 Wind Power:-

The Company is developing wind power projects of over 200 MW, of which  150 
MW  is  proposed to be commissioned during FY11 in  Maharashtra  and  Tamil 
Nadu.

5.5.2 Solar Power:-

The  Company is implementing a 3 MW grid connected solar photovoltaic  (PV) 
plant,  one of the largest of its kind in India. Work has commenced at  the 
site.  The National Solar Mission mandates that sub - 5 MW  grid  connected 
solar power projects sell power to the State discom. Project  commissioning 
is expected in Q2 FY11.

5.6 Projects Under Planning:

5.6.1 Coastal Maharashtra Project:-

During the year, the Company has made substantial progress in the  project. 
Rehabilitation   and   Resettlement  (R&R)  authority  of   Government   of 
Maharashtra (GoM) has approved R&R proposal of the Company. GoM has  issued 
the  gazette  notifi  cation in October 2009 under Section 32  (1)  of  the 
Maharashtra  Industrial Development Act, 1961. Environmental clearance  for 
the  project  (initial phase - 1,600 MW) has been granted  by  MoEF  expert 
committee.  Lease agreement for water front usage and construction of  coal 
berth  has  been  signed  with Maharashtra Maritime  Board.  The  plant  is 
expected  to  be  commissioned within 3 years of  completion  of  the  land 
acquisition, which is expected to be completed during the year.

5.6.2 Naraj Marthapur Project, Orissa:-

The  major  clearances for the 1,320 MW Naraj Marthapur project  have  been 
obtained.  Process is on for obtaining environmental clearance  from  MoEF. 
The  plant is expected to be commissioned within 3 years of  completion  of 
the  land acquisition, which is expected to be completed during  the  year. 
The Company has been allotted the Mandakini coal block located in the Angul 
district of Orissa, estimated to have reserves of 291 million tonnes, along 
with  Monnet Ispat and Energy Limited and Jindal Photo Limited. The  mining 
plan is already approved and the detailed project report has been prepared. 
Land acquisition process has started. Coal production is scheduled to start 
by Q4 FY11. The Company will get a coal supply of 2.5 MTPA for about 660 MW 
generation  at  the  Naraj Marthapur thermal power  plant  in  Orissa.  The 
balance coal requirement for the project is proposed to be secured  through 
linkage coal.

5.6.3 Tiruldih Power Project, Jharkhand:-

The  Company  has initiated steps to acquire 900 - 1,200 acres of  land  at 
Tiruldih in Seraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand to set up 1,980 MW (3 
x 660 MW) power plant in 2 phases, as part IPP and part CPP for Tata  Steel 
Limited  (Tata Steel) through Industrial Energy Limited (IEL), a JV of  the 
Company  (74%) with Tata Steel (26%). The process of land  acquisition  has 
commenced  and  is  expected  to  be completed by  the  end  of  FY12.  The 
commissioning of the plant is expected to take about 3 years thereafter.

The  Company  was  allotted  the Tubed coal  block  jointly  with  Hindalco 
Industries  Limited (Hindalco). This block is estimated to have  about  120 
million  tonnes  of  reserves and is located in  the  Latehar  district  of 
Jharkhand.  Hindalco and the Company have formed a JV company,  Tubed  Coal 
Mines Limited, to develop the coal block. Mining Plan has been approved for 
6 MTPA of which the Company's share of 2.4 MTPA is expected to suffi ce for 
about  660 MW of thermal generation. The balance coal requirement  for  the 
plant  is proposed to be secured through Tata Steel and linkage  coal.  The 
coal block is expected to be operational by FY13.

5.6.4 Project Trust (Corus), The Netherlands:-

The  Company and Tata Steel are in discussions to develop the 525 MW  (3  x 
175 MW) production gases based project at Ijmuiden in The Netherlands.

5.6.5 Tamakoshi - 3 Hydro Electric Project, Nepal:-

Discussions  are  on  with SN power for jointly  setting  up  this  project 
(expected  to  be 880 MW) and providing surplus power for  sale  in  Indian 
markets  on merchant basis. SN Power is in discussions with the  Government 
of Nepal for the clearances required. 

6. KEY SUBSIDIARIES:

6.1 Industrial Energy Limited:-

IEL  has  commissioned its fi rst 120 MW Power House 6  (PH6)  inside  Tata 
Steel  Works at Jamshedpur. This Unit utilizes the waste blast furnace  gas 
from Tata Steel. During the year, PH6 generated 563 MUs. 

Table 6 : Details of thermal power generation for FY10 - IEL

            Generation (MUs)       Generation           Plant Load 
                                  Availability         Factor (PLF)
              FY10    FY09       FY10      FY09       FY10       FY09

IEL - PH6      563       -        89%         -        54%          -
Jamshedpur* 

* Commissioned in FY10.

IEL is also implementing the following project:

6.1.1 Unit 5 at Jojobera:

A  120  MW  coal based power plant is being constructed  at  the  Company's 
existing  site  at Jojobera. All the major construction works at  the  site 
have been completed and the Unit has been synchronized on 13th April, 2010. 
Balance  work  related to mills, bunkers, coal handling  and  ash  handling 
system  is  in progress. Commercial Operation Declaration for the  Unit  is 
expected in the first half of FY11.

6.2 Maithon Power Limited:

MPL  is  constructing  a 1,050 MW (2 x 525 MW) power plant  at  Maithon  in 
Jharkhand (Refer Section 5.2). 

6.3 Powerlinks Transmission Limited (PTL):

PTL is a JV between the Company (51%) and PGCIL (49%). PTL transmits  power 
from  the 1,020 MW Tala Hydro Electric Power Project in Bhutan and  surplus 
power  from  the  Eastern / North - Eastern region  of  India  through  its 
transmission  lines  between  Siliguri (West Bengal)  and  Mandaula  (Uttar 
Pradesh),   spanning  a  distance  of  1,166  Kms.  The   availability   of 
transmission  line was maintained at 99.94% for Eastern Region  and  99.79% 
for Northern Region in FY10 as against the minimum stipulated  availability 
of 98%. During FY10, PTL has earned revenues of Rs. 300.98 crores, a growth 
of  18% over previous year revenues of Rs. 254.49 crores and a PAT  of  Rs. 
108.09  crores,  a growth of 65% over the previous year PAT  of  Rs.  65.34 
crores. PTL has recommended a dividend of Rs. 1.8 per share for FY10.

6.4 North Delhi Power Limited:

NDPL,  a  discom  supplying power to North Delhi, is a  subsidiary  of  the 
Company (51% share), the balance being held by Delhi Power Company  Limited 
(a  Government  of  Delhi  undertaking). NDPL  services  over  one  million 
consumers  spread over 510 sq. kms. in the North Delhi area. The peak  load 
in this area is about 1,259 MW, with energy consumption of over 6,900  MUs. 
NDPL  has earned revenues of Rs. 3,393.81 crores during FY10, a  growth  of 
about 38% over the previous year (Rs. 2,463.70 crores). The Company  earned 
PAT of Rs. 350.73 crores in FY10 compared to Rs. 171.47 crores in FY09. PAT 
for  FY10  includes  reversal of deferred tax liability  of  earlier  years 
amounting to Rs. 139 crores. The Aggregate Technical and Commercial  (AT&C) 
losses  have  been reduced at the end of FY10 to around 14.7%  against  the 
regulatory target of 18.7%. 

During  FY10,  NDPL  was bestowed the National Award  (Silver  Shield)  for 
Meritorious Performance for 2008-09 by the Ministry of Power, Government of 
India,  the Asian Power Utility of the year Award for 2009 by  Asian  Power 
Awards, Singapore, and the IMM Eminent Organization Award for Excellence by 
the Institute of Marketing and Management.

6.5 Tata Power Trading Company Limited:

Tata Power Trading, incorporated in December 2003 with an equity capital of 
Rs.  2 crores, was the fi rst company in India to receive a  power  trading 
license  from the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) in  June 
2004.  Tata Power Trading transacted 4,075 MUs during the year as  compared 
to 2,996 MUs in the previous year and has shown a CAGR of 43% over the past 
5  years.  It was ranked the third largest trader with a  market  share  of 
9.83%  in 2009. This has resulted in about 9% increase in revenues  to  Rs. 
2,357.72  crores  from Rs. 2,171.93 crores in the previous  year.  The  PAT 
increased  by  8%  to Rs. 8.24 crores as against Rs.  7.63  crores  in  the 
previous year.

6.6 NELCO Limited (NELCO):

NELCO,  established  in 1940, is listed on Bombay  Stock  Exchange  Limited 
(BSE)  and  National Stock Exchange of India Limited  (NSE).  The  Company, 
along  with  its subsidiary, holds 50.1% stake in  NELCO.  NELCO's  current 
businesses  cater  to  defence, railways, steel plants  and  energy  sector 
through  various  products and solutions of integrated  security  solutions 
(intrusion  detection, border security and surveillance, homeland  security 
solutions,  etc.), power electronics (converters and  control  electronics) 
for railways, energy saving drives solutions for industries and Supervisory 
Control  and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems for power utilities.  Tatanet 
Services  Limited  (Tatanet),  a subsidiary of  NELCO,  provides  satellite 
connectivity solutions to more than 400 corporates and enterprises in India 
through  VSAT  and  sets up turnkey communication  networks  in  India  and 
abroad. NELCO proposes to transfer the undertakings which comprise traction 
electronics, SCADA and industrial drives businesses as a 'going concern' on 
a  slump sale basis to Crompton Greaves Limited for a  total  consideration 
not  exceeding  Rs.  92 crores, subject to the  receipt  of  all  consents, 
approvals and permissions as may be required, including the consent of  the 
shareholders of NELCO.

During the 18 months period ended 30th September, 2009, NELCO has posted  a 
turnover  of Rs. 354 crores and net profi t of Rs. 3.28 crores.  NELCO  had 
extended its fi nancial year by 6 months upto 30th September, 2009.

6.7 Af-Taab Investment Company Limited (Af-Taab):

Af-Taab  is  a wholly owned investment subsidiary of  the  Company.  During 
FY10, Af-Taab earned an operating income of Rs. 39.55 crores and PAT of Rs. 
15.07 crores, as against Rs. 11.79 crores and Rs. 3.86 crores  respectively 
in FY09.

6.8 Chemical Terminal Trombay Limited (CTTL):

CTTL  is  a  wholly owned subsidiary of the  Company  offering  warehousing 
facility  for  organic and inorganic  chemicals  including  petrochemicals. 

During FY10, CTTL earned an operating income of Rs. 11.15 crores and PAT of 
Rs.  3.41  crores,  as  against  Rs.  10.64  crores  and  Rs.  2.88  crores 
respectively in FY09.

7. INVESTMENTS IN INDONESIAN COAL COMPANIES:

The outstanding debt taken for the acquisition of a 30% stake in two  major 
Indonesian  coal companies, PT Kaltim Prima Coal and PT  Arutmin  Indonesia 
and related companies (Coal Companies) stood at USD 695 million as on  31st 
March, 2010 compared to USD 764 million as on 31st March, 2009.

The  performance  of  the two Indonesian thermal coal  companies,  viz.  PT 
Kaltim  Prima  Coal and PT Arutmin Indonesia continued to  be  robust.  The 
production  during calendar year 2009 was 63 million tonnes as  against  53 
million  tonnes in 2008. The coal companies have continued to enjoy  robust 
operational  performance. Coal prices have shown good recovery in FY10  and 
it is expected that the strong trend will continue.

The equity interest in the two Indonesian coal companies provides a natural 
hedge  for the power business which uses imported coal against rising  coal 
prices,  besides  providing  security of fuel supply  through  the  offtake 
agreements.

8. SUSTAINABILITY AT TATA POWER:

Sustainability  forms  the  core of the Company's vision 'To  be  the  most 
admired Integrated Power and Energy Company delivering sustainable value to 
all  stakeholders'.  In fact, the Company owes its very  existence  to  its 
founder Mr. Jamsetji Tata's vision that 'Clean, cheap and abundant power is 
one of the basic ingredients for the economic progress of a city, state  or 
country'.  The  vision  of our founder is the  guiding  principle  for  our 
sustainability  initiatives.  At  Tata  Power,  Sustainability   integrates 
economic progress, social responsibility and environmental concerns with an 
objective  of improving the quality of life for all stakeholders,  now  and 
for  generations to come. The Company views it as an opportunity to make  a 
difference  and  remain committed to the issues of  resource  conservation, 
energy  effi ciency, environment protection and enrichment and  development 
of  local  communities  in and around our areas of  operations.  It  is  an 
integral part of the Company's objective of 'Leadership with Care'.

In  its  drive towards a clean environment, the Company is  trying  to  set 
standards  in  the  development and implementation of cutting  edge  eco  - 
friendly  technologies and processes for energy management. The Company  is 
working with policymakers and regulators to advance technology,  strengthen 
the  renewable  energy  portfolio,  accelerate  the  development  of   cost 
effective  energy  effi ciency programs and manage  consumers'  demand  for 
electricity.  The  Company  has also tied  up  with  various  organizations 
engaged in cutting - edge research in the renewables space and is  piloting 
projects  based on geothermal energy, solar concentrators,  biomass  gasifi 
cation,  etc. - all with a view to bring these to commercial operation  and 
scale  in  the medium term. During the year, the Company has notched  up  a 
number of achievements in relation to Sustainability, chief of which are as 
below:

*  The Company has been bestowed two awards - the Golden Peacock CSR  Award 
and  the TERI Corporate Awards 2008 - 2nd prize - for Business response  to 
HIV / AIDS.

*  A  BPO unit at Khopoli, a JV of the Company, Mannat Foundation  (an  NGO 
formed  by  the  Company) and Tata Business Support  Services  Limited  has 
provided  jobs to 167 local people in the catchment areas of the  Company's 
hydro power stations.

* 84 Self - Help Groups were formed by 1,350 members in Hydros and Mundra.

*  Improvement  of comprehensive education programme has  benefi  ted  over 
8,000 students of 100 schools in Maithon, Jharkhand.

*  Employee volunteers have contributed a total of 2,311 hours for  various 
social and environmental causes.

*  In  order  to  conserve and protect the  existing  biodiversity  in  the 
vicinity  of the Mundra UMPP, a comprehensive survey has been  carried  out 
for one year for baseline data collection. Such studies will be carried out 
for all new project sites and repeated periodically.

*  The establishment of the green belt and other green zones at Mundra  has 
helped  in  generating  livelihood  opportunities  for  local   populations 
especially  womenfolk  in  plant and nursery maintenance,  making  of  clay 
pitchers, etc.

* Rain water harvesting has commenced at Maithon, Corporate Center - Carnac 
and Salsette RS.

* Program on cost sharing basis for investment grade energy audit has  been 
launched  to  commercial  customers  having  load  demand  >  100  kVA  and 
industrial customers having load demand > 500 kVA.

*  MERC  has given its approval for energy effi cient T5  fluorescent  tube 
light (FTL) pilot program for the Company's consumers. Under this  program, 
the Company will offer 50,000 FTLs with electronic ballast at a  discounted 
price to its end consumers.

*  Energy  audit  of  the Company's installations  has  been  completed  at 
Khopoli, Corporate Center - Carnac, Dharavi RS, SED and Trombay residential 
colony  to explore various opportunities in energy effi ciency  and  energy 
conservation.

*  2.82  KW  Solar / hybrid wind turbine  demonstration  project  has  been 
commissioned  at Mankhurd substation for meeting the lighting  requirements 
of control room.

*  The Company has formed an Advisory Group for its 'Architecture of  Care' 
initiative,  as well as an Architecture Cell. The administrative  buildings 
of   Maithon  and  Mundra  are  being  designed  as  green  buildings   for 
environmental  effi  ciency,  use of local materials  and  conservation  of 
natural  resources  to  achieve  gold certifi cation  as  per  India  Green 
Building Code.

* Tata Power Energy Club - In FY10, the Club became a national movement  on 
energy  conservation, covering more than 250 schools across Mumbai,  Delhi, 
Pune, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Kolkata, Belgaum, Jamshedpur and Lonavla on the 
subject  of  energy conservation. The Club has sensitised  over  1  million 
citizens and has helped save over 1 million units so far.

*  Sustainability  awareness  sessions  have  been  conducted  at   various 
locations  of the Company. A total of 899 employees have been covered  till 
March 2010.

9. GLOBAL COMPACT COMPLIANCE:

The  Company has been reporting data since 2006 as per the  Global  Compact 
Initiative taken up by the Secretary General of the United Nations in 2002. 
The Compact requires businesses to adhere to Ten Principles in the areas of 
human rights, labour standards, environment and anti - bribery. The Company 
submitted to the Global Compact website its 'Communication on Progress'  as 
required in respect of implementation of the Ten Principles in its business 
processes.  Additionally,  the  Company  published  its  Annual   Corporate 
Responsibility Report, as per the new GRI 'G3' guidelines released in 2005.

10. SAFETY:

The  Company  has  given safety a high priority,  appointing  DuPont  as  a 
consultant  to  guide it on its journey to Safety Excellence. A  number  of 
initiatives  have been taken to embed a culture of safety and safe  working 
practices in the organisation. A detailed corporate safety action plan  has 
been prepared, including the activities that will be guided and  supervised 
by DuPont staff and by the Company staff on a monthly basis. An Apex Safety 
Committee - chaired by the Managing Director - reviews the Company's safety 
performance  every month and guides the implementation of  detailed  action 
plans  through Central Safety Committees and Site Implementation  teams  at 
all  sites.  Five Corporate Committees for  Safety  Observations,  Incident 
Investigation,  Rules and Procedures, Capability Building  and  Contractors 
Safety  Management  act  as 'Keepers of  Standards',  introducing  new  and 
improved  procedures, systems and processes for implementation through  the 
Apex  Safety  Committee and the local counterparts of the fi  ve  corporate 
committees.  New safety work procedures in line with  DuPont  methodologies 
have  been developed and are being implemented. Intensive training  modules 
have  been organised by DuPont as well as DuPont trained  trainers.  Safety 
requirements have been drilled down to the level of contractors'  employees 
and  made a part of all contracts. The Company has also  deployed  software 
for  recording,  analyzing  and reporting the results  of  Safety  Training 
Observation  Program  (STOP) audits, a proprietary DuPont  methodology  for 
safety observations. Additionally, software for safety audits and  incident 
reporting  including  near  - misses with  tracking  of  implementation  of 
recommendations has been deployed. A cross functional audit team trained by 
DuPont  has been conducting audits against safety standards at our  project 
sites at regular intervals.

11. RENEWABLES AND NEW TECHNOLOGY:

The Company is a member of the Cleantech Forum and various web sites, which 
helps  it to keep abreast of the Research and Development (R&D) updates  on 
clean  technologies.  Periodic  visits with vendors  and  participation  in 
conferences  also  assist  in  identifying  and  selecting  companies   for 
reviewing.  Interactions  are  on  with faculty  members  from  the  Indian 
Institute  of  Technology (IIT) - Bombay, Mumbai  University  Institute  of 
Chemical  Technology  (ICT), Massachusetts Institute of  Technology  (MIT), 
University of California at Berkeley, Purdue and Washington Universities to 
stay updated on technology. Various technologies in a variety of areas like 
algae  for  CO2  absorption, carbon capture reuse and  storage,  fuel  cell 
(telecom   tower  application),  gasifi  cation  (biomass,   coal),   solar 
(photovoltaic, thin - fi lm and concentrated thermal), micro - turbine wind 
energy  generation, etc. are being evaluated. During the year, the  Company 
has  continued  to expand its presence in the fi eld of  renewable  energy. 
Some key highlights are:

*  Geothermal  -  The  Company  has  invested  in  Geodynamics,  a  leading 
Australian company in enhanced geothermal systems with a view to bring  the 
learnings  from  the investment to India.The Company has  invested  AUD  50 
Million in the project so far.

*  Solar  Concentrated Thermal - The Company is working  on  two  different 
technologies - a 1 MW unit in association with IIT Bombay and a 500 KW unit 
with ICT and Tata Steel.

*  Floating Solar PV - During FY11, the Company is planning to test a  13.5 
KW pilot unit at Walwhan dam.

*  Micro  - Wind - During FY11, the Company proposes to test a 2  KW  micro 
horizontal axis wind turbine and a vertical axis wind energy generator.

12. CORPORATE SERVICES:

12.1 Financing:-

The  Company  successfully  completed a GDR offering  of  USD  335  million 
(originally USD 250 million but upsized on demand), issuing 14,838,110 GDRs 
(each GDR representing one share of the Company) at USD 22.577 per GDR (Rs. 
48.27 is the reference exchange rate), at a tight discount of 3.23% to  the 
closing  market price of the Company's share prevailing on the day  of  the 
issue,  in July 2009. The proceeds of the issue will be utilised mainly  to 
meet  equity requirements of the Mundra and Maithon projects.  The  Company 
has since repaid all its outstanding short term loans - Rs.100 crores  from 
HDFC  Bank Limited in July 2009 and commercial paper of Rs. 168  crores  in 
September  2009.  The Company has also prepaid a long term  corporate  loan 
from  IDBI  Bank  Limited of Rs. 290 crores in  August  2009,  carrying  an 
interest  rate of 13.50%, to reduce interest costs. In November  2009,  the 
Company  successfully completed a 1.75% FCCB issue of USD 300 million.  The 
bonds are convertible at Rs. 1,456.125 per share (at a 10% premium over the 
closing  price  of the Company's shares on NSE on 5th November,  2009)  and 
bear  a  yield to maturity of 3.5% p.a. Of the USD 200 million  FCCB  issue 
made  in  2005, out of 200,000 bonds issued, all the bonds  were  converted 
except for 90 bonds which were redeemed through a payment of USD 104,610 by 
the Company in February 2010. In Q4 FY10, the Company raised two loans, one 
from IDFC Limited of Rs.150 crores and the other from HDFC Bank Limited  of 
Rs.  600 crores. These loans are to fi nance the debt requirements (70%  of 
the  capital  expenditure)  of  the Mumbai  Operations.  During  the  year, 
Standard  and Poor's affi rmed the Company's 'BB-' rating and  revised  the 
outlook to 'Positive' from 'Stable', refl ecting the Company's progress  on 
its projects under execution. Moody's re - affi rmed its rating outlook  on 
the Company's long term borrowing program at 'Stable' with 'Ba3' rating  in 
January  2010. CRISIL has revised its rating outlook on the Company's  long 
term  borrowing programme and bank facilities to 'Positive' from  'Stable', 
and re - affi rmed the rating at 'AA' in October 2009. Similarly, ICRA  has 
revised the outlook to 'Positive' from 'Stable' and retained the rating  at 
LAA in December 2009.

12.2 Business Excellence:-

* Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM)

During  the  year,  the  Company's  efforts  on  its  journey  of  Business 
Excellence  received a signifi cant boost with the Company  being  bestowed 
with the prestigious JRD QV Award. The assessment report received after the 
assessment  has been reviewed and action plans have been drawn up  to  take 
the Company to the next higher level of excellence.

* Organisation Transformation (OT) 

The  OT exercise rolled out during FY09 made signifi cant progress. As  per 
the  original plan, a group of 120 offi cers were to undergo a total  of  5 
modules in 6 batches, spread over 18 months. The programme is moving  ahead 
as per plan. Another OT initiative, LASER (Learn, Apply, Share, Enjoy, Refl 
ect),  aimed  at achieving high standards of shop - fl oor  excellence  and 
strengthening the relationships between front - line offi cers and  workmen 
achieved  high  levels  of  success, in  terms  of  relationship  building, 
improving  operational effi ciencies, and improving the  workplace  through 
programmes  like  autonomous  maintenance,  5-S  and  focused   improvement 
projects,  etc.  A total of around 150 projects were  undertaken,  covering 
around 900 employees.

* Enterprise Process Model

The  Enterprise  Process Model introduced two years ago to  streamline  the 
processes in the Company was further strengthened during the year through a 
review and improvement process.

* Benchmarking and Innovation

A  separate  benchmarking  cell  has been  created  to  focus  entirely  on 
benchmarking.  The team is pursuing best practices to achieve  improvements 
on  operating  parameters  based  on benchmarks from  a  study  by  Solomon 
Associates  (USA), a similar study undertaken for hydros  in  collaboration 
with  SN  Power (Norway) and benchmarking exercise between  NDPL  and  Tata 
Power  (Distribution), resulting in improvements across both entities.  The 
Company  also launched an improved knowledge management  initiative  called 
SKY  (Seeking  Knowledge from You; Sharing Knowledge with You).  SKY  is  a 
people-to-people  connect  to  help each other  with  the  tacit  knowledge 
available with each individual.

12.3 Human Resources Development:-

During  FY10, net addition to manpower was 268 people, taking the total  to 
3,809. During the year under review, a number of HR initiatives were  taken 
to  supplement  the Company's effort towards  business  sustainability  and 
growth.

* Employee Engagement

Based on the employee engagement (Q12) and satisfaction survey by Gallup in 
FY09, VOICES communication and action planning workshops were conducted  to 
communicate the survey fi ndings and facilitate formulation of action plans 
at  different  divisions to address areas of concern. Q12  action  planning 
workshops were conducted for improving engagement.

* Training

A number of training programmes were conducted to ensure development of the 
required competencies. The Company signed a long term MoU with the National 
Institute  of  Construction  Management and Research  (NICMAR)  to  enhance 
project management competency of its employees.

* Talent Management and Succession Planning

To  identify the right talent and develop a pipeline of key resources,  the 
Company  has a structured Talent Management process whereby high  potential 
offi  cers  were identifi ed and Individual Development Plans  prepared  to 
hone their potential. To provide fast track career growth opportunities and 
leadership   exposure  to  bright  young  offi  cers,  Accelerated   Career 
Enhancement  (ACE)  scheme was implemented in FY09. In the second  year  of 
this initiative, six offi cers have been selected for ACE 2010. Three ACErs 
selected  in 2009 have been placed in key departments. Another  initiative, 
Forum of Rising Talent (FORT), consisting of a team of young offi cers  was 
formed  based on the concept of shadow board to build leadership  pipeline. 
As  a  leadership development initiative, Multirater System  was  initiated 
where  the entire top management team went through the Multirater  workshop 
and  feedback  obtained by the leaders has been shared  with  their  direct 
reports.  The  Company undertook a detailed  succession  planning  exercise 
taking  into account the normal attrition rate and the criticality  of  the 
function.

* Performance Management System (PMS)

The PMS is a well evolved system with appraisal letters being issued within 
a month of closure of the fi nancial year, for the fourth year in a row.

* Industrial Relations

On the industrial relations front, the Company enjoyed a cordial year.

12.4 Regulatory matters:

12.4.1 Tariff Petition with MERC:-

The Company fi led its Annual Performance Review (APR) for FY10 and  Annual 
Revenue  Requirement (ARR) petition for FY11 with MERC. The public  hearing 
for the same has been completed and the orders are awaited.

12.4.2 MERC tariff order for Unit 8:-

The  Company  had  commissioned its Trombay Unit 8  on  29th  March,  2009. 
Thereafter, the Company fi led a petition for approval of the fi xed  costs 
and tariff for Unit 8 for the portion of the capacity contracted with  BEST 
and  the Company's distribution business. MERC has issued the tariff  order 
for the same vide its order dated 19th January, 2010.

12.4.3 Appeals against MERC tariff orders:-

Regulatory inputs in the APR petition in view of the Appellate Tribunal for 
Electricity (ATE) judgement has enabled recovery of the past  disallowances 
by  MERC  in  its  earlier tariff orders. MERC  has  also  clarifi  ed  the 
Company's  right to claim under recoveries from BEST and RInfra on  account 
of erroneous computations in MERC's previous tariff order. The Company  had 
fi led appeals in the ATE in regards to certain disallowances in the tariff 
orders  for  FY10 as well as certain disallowances and  directives  in  the 
tariff order for Unit 8. 

12.4.4 Mumbai Distribution Business:-

On  an  appeal fi led by the Company, the Supreme Court,  by  its  landmark 
judgement  of 8th July, 2008, set aside the orders of MERC and ATE and  has 
upheld the Company's right to supply electricity in retail directly to  all 
consumers. This has paved the way for the Company to grow its  distribution 
business. Subsequently, MERC issued a clarifi catory order dated 22nd July, 
2009  defi  ning the wheeling charges payable by  consumers  seeking  power 
supply  from the Company using RInfra's distribution network. In  order  to 
cater  to  the large number of requests received from  potential  consumers 
seeking  to switch over from RInfra, the Company fi led a petition in  MERC 
seeking clear guidelines for an 'Operational Protocol' for supplying  power 
to  consumers using RInfra's network. Interim order defi ning the  'Interim 
Operational  Protocol' has been issued on 15th October, 2009. The order  is 
pathbreaking,  in  that it allows the consumers to  choose  their  supplier 
between  RInfra and Tata Power, thus establishing a viable alternative  for 
reform  in the distribution sector in the country. It also, for the fi  rst 
time, separates the wires from the supply business in distribution. So far, 
more  than 28,000 consumers have changed over from RInfra to  the  Company, 
thereby  resulting  in  increased  sales. Further,  the  Company  has  been 
receiving  almost  500  new applications everyday  from  consumers  seeking 
changeover to the Company.

12.4.5 Power Purchase Agreements:-

The Supreme Court, by its landmark judgement of 6th May, 2009, approved the 
PPAs  signed  by  the  Company with BEST for 800 MW  and  with  Tata  Power 
(Distribution)  for  477  MW, which were earlier approved by  MERC.  On  an 
appeal  fi led by RInfra, the ATE had set aside the PPAs approved  by  MERC 
and directed MERC to consider the question of approval of PPAs afresh along 
with the contentions raised by RInfra. The Supreme Court has also held that 
Section  23  of  the  Electricity Act, 2003 (EA 2003)  does  not  give  any 
jurisdiction  to MERC to allocate any power to a non - contracting  discom. 
Immediately after the judgement of the Supreme Court, the Company notifi ed 
RInfra  of  its  intention to stop supplying 460 MW power to  it  from  1st 
April,  2010, giving RInfra a notice of over 9 months to arrange  power  on 
long  term  basis  for  its consumers in line with  its  obligations  as  a 
distribution licensee under the EA 2003. The Company subsequently signed  a 
PPA  for 160 MW for meeting the expected requirement of its  own  consumers 
for  FY11  from  this  460 MW capacity.  Further,  the  Company  signed  an 
agreement with BEST to supply 100 MW of the remaining capacity. Rather than 
arrange power for its consumers, RInfra has instead approached the GoM  for 
relief.  The GoM formed a 5 member committee to study the situation and  to 
submit a report on the same. On 7th May, 2010, the GoM issued a  memorandum 
in  which it suggested to continue to supply 100 MW to BEST from  1st  May, 
2010, 360 MW to RInfra till 30th June, 2010 and 200 MW to RInfra thereafter 
till 31st March, 2011. The Company's consumers were thus deprived of  their 
lawful  capacity  of  160 MW from 1st April, 2010,  putting  an  additional 
burden  of  power  purchase on them (Refer Section 12.6.3  and  12.6.4  for 
subsequent developments).

12.4.6 Jojobera Operations:

*  Tariff  petition  for  FY09 and  FY10  to  Jharkhand  State  Electricity 
Regulatory  Commission (JSERC) Tariff order for Jojobera Units 2 and 3  was 
issued  by  JSERC  on 20th January, 2010. JSERC has  considered  the  terms 
enshrined  in the PPA with Tata Steel upto FY11. Further, ARR  petition  of 
Jojobera Units 2 and 3 for FY11 (including truing - up for FY09 and APR for 
FY10) has been submitted to JSERC on 20th March, 2010. For FY12, JSERC  has 
directed  the Company to renegotiate the PPA terms in line with  the  JSERC 
Tariff Regulations and submit the ARR for FY12 within 6 months. The Company 
has filed an appeal in the ATE against the JSERC directive.

12.5 Risk Management:-

As  part  of  the  Risk Management Process, during  the  year  the  Company 
reviewed  the  various  risks and fi nalized mitigation  plans  which  were 
reviewed  periodically by the Risk Management Committee. Futher,  six  Risk 
Management Sub - Committees (RMSCs) closely monitored and reviewed the risk 
plans  periodically.  Employees  contribute to  the  risk  identifi  cation 
process  through  the  web based Risk Perception  System.  The  risk  areas 
identifi  ed  by the Risk Management Process were covered by  the  Internal 
Audit Plan and major risks were discussed every quarter at meetings of  the 
Audit Committee of Directors.

12.6 Legal Matters:

12.6.1 Standby Charges:-

On  an  appeal  fi led by the Company, the Supreme  Court  has  stayed  the 
operation  of  the  ATE order, subject to the condition  that  the  Company 
deposits  an amount of Rs. 227 crores and submits a bank guarantee  for  an 
equal amount. The Company has complied with both the conditions. RInfra has 
also subsequently fi led an appeal before the Supreme Court challenging the 
ATE  order. Both the appeals have been admitted and are listed for  hearing 
and fi nal disposal. 

12.6.2 Energy Charges and Take or Pay Obligation:-

MERC  directed RInfra to pay Rs. 323.87 crores to the Company  towards  the 
difference  between the rate of Rs. 1.77 per kWh paid and Rs. 2.09 per  kWh 
payable  for  the energy drawn at 220 kV interconnection  and  towards  its 
'Take  or  Pay'  obligation for the years 1998-1999 and  1999-2000.  On  an 
appeal  fi  led  by RInfra, the ATE upheld the  Company's  contention  with 
regard  to payment for energy charges but reduced the rate of interest.  As 
per  the  ATE  order,  the amount payable works out  to  Rs.  56.12  crores 
(including  interest), as on 31st May, 2008. As regards the 'Take  or  Pay' 
obligation, the ATE has ordered that the issue should be examined afresh by 
MERC after the decision of the Supreme Court in the appeals relating to the 
distribution licence and rebates given by RInfra. The Company and RInfra fi 
led  appeals in the Supreme Court. Both the appeals have been admitted  and 
are  listed  for hearing and fi nal disposal. The Supreme Court,  vide  its 
order dated 14th December, 2009, has granted stay against the ATE order and 
has  directed  RInfra  to deposit with the Supreme Court a sum  of  Rs.  25 
crores and furnish a bank guarantee for the balance amount. Pursuant to the 
liberty  granted by the Supreme Court, the Company has withdrawn the  above 
mentioned sum subject to an undertaking to refund the amount with interest, 
in the event the appeal is decided against the Company.

12.6.3 Writ Petition in the Bombay High Court:-

The Company has filed a Writ Petition in the Bombay High Court  challenging 
the  Memorandum  and  Report  of the GoM dated 7th  May,  2010  inter  alia 
directing the Company to supply 360 MW power to RInfra upto 30th June, 2010 
and thereafter 200 MW upto 31st March, 2011.

12.6.4 Petition in MERC:-

The  Company has fi led a petition in MERC challenging the refusal  of  the 
Maharashtra  State Load Despatch Centre to schedule 160 MW power from  Tata 
Power  (Generation)  to Tata Power (Distribution)  pursuant  to  directions 
issued  to  it  by  the GoM, for giving effect to  the  directions  in  the 
memorandum  dated  7th  May, 2010. This 160 MW is required  by  Tata  Power 
(Distribution) to meet the load requirement of its consumers in the  Mumbai 
Operations area. 

13. FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS/OUTGO:

The  foreign exchange earnings of the Company during the year under  review 
amounted  to Rs. 55.78 crores (previous year Rs. 327.60 crores), mainly  on 
account  of  forex interest, etc. The foreign exchange outflow  during  the 
year was Rs. 1,592.13 crores (previous year Rs. 2,684.99 crores), mainly on 
account of fuel purchase of Rs. 1,254.97 crores (previous year Rs. 2,220.30 
crores),  repayment  of foreign currency loans with interest  thereon,  NRI 
dividends  and FCCB interest of Rs. 69.41 crores (previous year Rs.  272.21 
crores) and purchase of capital equipment, components and spares and  other 
miscellaneous  expenses  of  Rs. 267.75 crores (previous  year  Rs.  192.48 
crores).

14. DISCLOSURE OF PARTICULARS:

Particulars  required  by the Companies (Disclosure of Particulars  in  the 
Report  of  Board  of Directors) Rules, 1988 are given  in  the  prescribed 
format as Annexure I to the Directors' Report.

Particulars of Employees: In terms of the provisions of Section 217 (2A) of 
the Companies Act, 1956 (the Act), read with the Companies (Particulars  of 
Employees)  Rules, 1975, the names and other particulars of  employees  are 
set out in the Annexure to the Directors' Report. However, having regard to 
the  provisions of Section 219 (1)(b)(iv) of the Act, the Annual Report  is 
being  sent  to  all  Members  of  the  Company  excluding  the   aforesaid 
information. Any Member interested in obtaining such particulars may  write 
to the Company Secretary at the Registered Offi ce of the Company.

15. SUBSIDIARIES:

On  applications made by the Company under Section 212 (8) of the Act,  the 
Central Government, vide letters dated 9th April, 2010 and 13th May,  2010, 
exempted  the Company from attaching a copy of the Balance Sheet,  Profi  t 
and Loss Account, Directors' Report and Auditors' Report of the  subsidiary 
companies and other documents required to be attached under Section 212 (1) 
of  the  Act  to the Balance Sheet of the Company.  Accordingly,  the  said 
documents  are not being attached with the Balance Sheet of the Company.  A 
gist of the fi nancial performance of the subsidiary companies is contained 
in the report. The Annual Accounts of the subsidiary companies are open for 
inspection  by  any Member / Investor and the Company will  make  available 
these  documents / details upon request by any Member of the Company or  to 
any investor of its subsidiary companies who may be interested in obtaining 
the same. Further, the Annual Accounts of the subsidiary companies will  be 
kept open for inspection by any investor at the Company's Head Offi ce  and 
that of the subsidiary company concerned and would be posted on the website 
of the Company.

16. DIRECTORS:

Mr R K Misra, Nominee Director of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) 
on the Board of the Company, resigned with effect from 31st July, 2009. The 
Board  placed on record its appreciation of the valuable contribution  made 
to  the  Company  by  Mr Misra. Mr Thomas Mathew  T  was  appointed  as  an 
Additional  Director with effect from 7th August, 2009, in accordance  with 
Article  132 of the Articles of Association of the Company and Section  260 
of  the Act. Mr Mathew holds offi ce only upto the date of the  forthcoming 
Annual  General Meeting and a Notice under Section 257 of the Act has  been 
received  from  a Member signifying his intention to  propose  Mr  Mathew's 
appointment as a Director. Mr. Mathew is the Nominee Director of LIC on the 
Board of the Company.

Mr  S Ramakrishnan was re - appointed as Executive Director of the  Company 
with effect from 1st October, 2009 to 28th February, 2014.

In  accordance  with  the  requirements of the  Act  and  the  Articles  of 
Association  of  the  Company,  Mr A J Engineer, Mr N  H  Mirza  and  Mr  R 
Gopalakrishnan retire by rotation and are eligible for re - appointment.

17. AUDITORS:

Messrs  Deloitte Haskins & Sells (DHS), who are the Statutory  Auditors  of 
the  Company,  hold  offi ce until the conclusion  of  the  ensuing  Annual 
General  Meeting. It is proposed to re - appoint DHS to examine  and  audit 
the accounts of the Company for FY11. DHS has, under Section 224 (1) of the 
Act, furnished a certifi cate of its eligibility for re - appointment.  The 
Members  will be requested, as usual, to appoint Auditors and to  authorize 
the Board of Directors to fi x their remuneration. In this connection,  the 
attention  of the Members is invited to Item No. 6 of the  Notice.  Members 
will also be requested to pass a resolution (vide Item No. 9 of the Notice) 
authorizing the Board of Directors to appoint Auditors / Branch Auditors  / 
Accountants  for  the purpose of auditing the accounts  maintained  at  the 
Branch Offi ces of the Company, in India and abroad.

In  accordance with the requirement of the Central Government and  pursuant 
to  Section  233  B of the Act, the Company carries out an  audit  of  cost 
accounts relating to electricity every year. Subject to the approval of the 
Central Government, the Company has appointed M/s N I Mehta & Co. to  audit 
the cost accounts relating to electricity for FY11.

18. AUDITORS' REPORT:

The  Notes forming part of the Accounts referred to in Auditors' Report  of 
the  Company  are self - explanatory and, therefore, do not  call  for  any 
further  explanation under Section 217 (3) of the Act. The consolidated  fi 
nancial  statements  of the Company have been prepared in  accordance  with 
Accounting  Standard  21 on Consolidated Financial  Statements,  Accounting 
Standard  23  on  Accounting of Investments in  Associates  and  Accounting 
Standard 27 on Financial Reporting of Interest in Joint Ventures, issued by 
the Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

19. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE:

To comply with conditions of Corporate Governance, pursuant to Clause 49 of 
the  Listing Agreements with the Stock Exchanges, a  Management  Discussion 
and  Analysis  Statement,  Report on  Corporate  Governance  and  Auditors' 
Certifi cate, are included in the Annual Report.

20. DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT:

Pursuant  to  Section  217 (2AA) of the Act, the Directors,  based  on  the 
representations received from the Operating Management, confirm that:

i)  in  the preparation of the annual accounts, the  applicable  accounting 
standards  have  been followed and that there are  no  material  departures 
therefrom;

ii)  they have, in the selection of the accounting policies, consulted  the 
Statutory  Auditors and have applied them consistently and made  judgements 
and estimates that are reasonable and prudent so as to give a true and fair 
view  of the state of affairs of the Company at the end of the  fi  nancial 
year and of the profi t of the Company for that period;

iii)  they  have  taken proper and suffi cient care to the  best  of  their 
knowledge and ability for the maintenance of adequate accounting records in 
accordance  with the provisions of the Act, for safeguarding the assets  of 
the   Company   and   for  preventing  and  detecting   fraud   and   other 
irregularities;

iv) they have prepared the annual accounts on a going concern basis.

21. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

On behalf of the Directors of the Company, I would like to place on  record 
our  deep appreciation to our Shareholders, Customers,  Business  Partners, 
Vendors,  both international and domestic, Bankers, Financial  Institutions 
and Academic Institutions. The Directors are thankful to the Government  of 
India  and  the various Ministries, the State Governments and  the  various 
Ministries,  the  Central  and State  Electricity  Regulatory  authorities, 
Corporation  and Municipal authorities of Mumbai and other cities where  we 
are operational.

Finally,  we  appreciate  and  value the  contributions  made  by  all  our 
employees and their families for making Tata Power what it is.


                                   On behalf of the Board of Directors,

                                   R N Tata
Mumbai, 24th May, 2010             Chairman

FORM B

FORM FOR DISCLOSURE OF PARTICULARS WITH RESPECT TO TECHNOLOGY ABSORPTION

Research and Development (R & D):

1. Specifi c area in which R & D carried out by the Company Development  of 
advanced algorithms for ballistic applications.

2.  Benefi  ts derived as a result of the above R & D  Import  substitution 
product for applications in ballistic and fire control computers.

3.  Future Plan of Action Upgradation of existing fire control  systems  in 
artillery and armoured combat systems.

4. Expenditure on R & D (in Rs. lakhs)

a) Capital               99.57   
b) Recurring             52.69   

c) Total                152.26  

Technology absorption, adaptation and innovation:

1.  Efforts, in brief, made towards Technology Absorption,  adaptation  and 
innovation

IP based voice and data communication system.

2.  Benefi  ts derived as a result of the  above  efforts  State-of-the-art 
indigenous solutions for communication systems in noisy environments.

3.  In  case of imported technology (Imported during the  last  five  years 
reckoned  from the beginning of the financial year), following  information 
may be furnished:

a) Technology Imported             None 

b) Year of Import                  NA 

c) Has technology been fully       NA 
absorbed

d) If not fully absorbed, areas    NA
where this has not taken place, 
reasons thereof and future plans 
of action

New Technology Absorption

1. Trombay

* LED Based Lighting:

The  Company  has  commissioned LED based lighting system  at  its  Trombay 
housing  colony.  This  has resulted in sizable energy savings  and  has  a 
potential of reducing 175 tons of CO2 emissions on an annual basis.

* Fault Tolerant Distributed Control System:

During  the  year,  the  Company has  adopted  the  latest  fault  tolerant 
Distributed  Control System to replace obsolete control systems at  Trombay 
Unit  5.  The  older systems replaced were  Furnace  Safeguard  Supervisory 
System,  Boiler  Controls and Turbine Governing System and  were  based  on 
analog   devices.  The  new  systems  based  on  state-of-the-art   digital 
technology  and with built in redundancies have enhanced the capability  of 
maintenance  and  operations  personnel to review  plant  disturbances  and 
faults online and take immediate corrective action to avoid any  generation 
loss.

* Infrared thermography for online monitoring of 220 kV equipments:

Trombay  Thermal Power Station has introduced use of Infrared  thermography 
for  online  monitoring of all electrical equipment in 220  kV  switchyard. 
This  technique using infrared camera helps early detection  of  developing 
hot spots on joints and other switchyard equipment. This technique is  also 
used  to  monitor  the  health of  transformers,  radiators  and  bushings. 
Introduction  of  the technology has enabled the Company  to  avoid  costly 
unplanned  outages / maintenance and increased reliability at reduced  cost 
by taking proactive steps to avoid any failure.

* Upgrade of Unit 6 ID fan LCI drives:

The  Company has upgraded the LCI drives of all ID fans of Trombay  500  MW 
Unit  6  with the latest VME design of TMEIC-GE. The  VME  design  provides 
improved  reliability and less than half the number of circuit boards  with 
300 MHz Celeron. processor along with improved fl exibility and diagnostics 
with state-of-the-art HMI. This has eliminated the tripping of ID fans  due 
to the malfunctioning of LCI control hardware. In addition to extending the 
product  life, this modernization program provided signifi cant  functional 
enhancements  plus system condition and capability assessment of the  drive 
system.  This is the fi rst upgrade of 20 year old LCI system  anywhere  in 
India.

* Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) for coal feeder motor:

Variable  Frequency  Drives have been introduced at Trombay Unit 5  on  the 
coal  feeders in place of eddy current coupled motors. Installation of  the 
VFD system is expected to improve availability of coal feeders by  reducing 
the  non - availability of the feeders and minimizing the  breakdown  time. 
The  VFD  system  of  speed  control also  serves  the  purpose  of  energy 
conservation and enhances the life of the motor.

* Cryogenic cleaning of motor windings:

Cryogenic  cleaning  using  dry ice has been  introduced  for  cleaning  of 
accumulated  dust and oil traces in motor windings at Trombay. This  method 
does  not  demand  complete dismantling of motor, thus  reducing  the  time 
required  for  the job from 5 days to 1-2 days with  an  equally  effective 
cleaning.

* Electrical Signature Analysis of HT Motors:

Electrical  Signature  Analysis  is the procedure of  acquiring  the  motor 
current  and voltage signals, performing signal conditioning and  analyzing 
the  derived signals to identify the various faults. It  helps  maintenance 
personnel  to monitor the health of running equipment and proactively  plan 
the  predictive  maintenance practices. This technique has  been  used  for 
condition monitoring of all high voltage motors at Trombay 500 MW Unit 5.

2. Jojobera

* High Pressure Milling System (HPMS):

HPMS designed inserted sinter cast rolls are made up of inserts having very 
high  hardness  and embedded in soft ductile iron core. These  inserts  are 
arranged  in such a fashion that a layer of ductile iron is always  present 
between  two hard inserts. While in operation, this layer wears out  faster 
than the inserts resulting in groove formation. These grooves help the roll 
in  biting  the  material, positively avoiding  slippage  of  material  and 
thereby preventing additional wear. This action creates improved  retention 
of  coal thereby vastly improving grinding action. The core made  of  tough 
ductile  iron  is  also capable of withstanding severe  shock  without  any 
danger of failure due to breakage.

* Anhydrous Ammonia dosing system:

Anhydrous Ammonia dosing system is being used at Jojobera Power Station for 
improving  the  ESP  performance. This has given an optimum  flow  rate  of 
Ammonia  for  a  range  of inlet dust burden.  The  system  creates  better 
distribution  of Ammonia in flue gas resulting into better ESP  performance 
and reduced stack emissions.

3. Transmission and Distribution

* Cold shrink joint:

The  Company  has introduced 3M make cold shrink joint and  Euromould  make 
termination was made on 22 kV XLPE cable.

This is a touch proof type termination.

* BCPU (Bay Control and Protection Unit):

The  Company  has introduced BCPU at DSS level for the  first  time.  These 
units were implemented on 33 kV substations.

* The new Europack make cable spiking tool:

This  has been introduced in place of cable spiking gun for  which  bullets 
have  to be imported from UK. It punctures the cable hydraulically and  has 
adequate safety measures.

4. Electrical Testing and Automation (ETA)

* Online Circuit Breaker monitors:

Online  Circuit Breaker Monitors are installed on critical breakers at  all 
Hydro  divisions.  These  monitor the performance of  the  various  breaker 
parameters whenever the circuit breaker operates. Offl ine testing requires 
equipment outage and resources in terms of manpower, material and time  and 
is  usually  done  once  in two to three years.  Because  of  these  online 
monitors, the condition of the breakers can be assessed regularly,  thereby 
optimizing the resources and increasing the availability.

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

1. SECTOR OVERVIEW:

1.1 Global Energy Demand:-

The  global average per capita consumption of energy is currently at  about 
2,500  kWh. It is said that the basic minimum need of energy for  a  decent 
quality of life is about 4,500 to 5,000 kWh per capita(1). Further,  global 
population is expected to rise from about 6.8 billion currently to about  9 
billion  by 2050 and then stabilize(2). Therefore, no matter which way  one 
looks at energy demand viz. either to just provide a basic quality of  life 
to  the  existing population or to take care of the needs  of  another  2.2 
billion  people, the world will need more energy. While the rate of  growth 
in energy consumption is expected to be very high in growing economies like 
China, India, Africa, South America, etc., the growth in energy consumption 
in absolute terms is projected to be the highest in China followed by North 
America, India, Middle East, etc. For the power sector, growth in  absolute 
energy consumption is perhaps more relevant than just percentage change  in 
energy  consumption.  Further, it is also seen that the ability to  pay  in 
markets  that  have high energy growth rates is weaker as compared  to  the 
developed markets.

(1) Internal Analysis 
(2) EIA (U. S. Energy Information Administration) 

In absolute terms, the United States of America (USA) is by far the largest 
consumer  of  energy  followed by China and Western  Europe.  Japan,  South 
Korea,  Middle East and Russia are the other big consumers. In  comparison, 
India's energy consumption today is much lower but is expected to be around 
the  current  levels of Japan, South Korea, etc. by  2030(3).  

(3) EIA 

With  evolving  consumer needs and technology, energy and  electricity  are 
getting more fungible. Electricity, however, is the most convenient form of 
energy  and  hence, it is expected that from its current share  of  17%  of 
delivered energy, it will rise to 20% by 2030(4).

(4) EIA 

The  key factors that will shape the energy / electricity markets  will  be 
climate  change and energy security. The key drivers for the  power  sector 
will be based on:

* World moving towards the optimal energy mix based on either low carbon or 
low cost.

*  Focus  on increasing the overall system effi ciency  through  technology 
breakthroughs.

*  New  delivery models like decentralized generation.  

1.2 Global Energy Supply:-

The World has fossil fuel reserves that are projected to last for 80  years 
based on current consumption levels and around 45 years based on increasing 
consumption  trends (See Chart 1). Russia has sizeable  energy  consumption 
and  also  one  of the biggest reserves. Saudi  Arabia,  South  Africa  and 
Australia  are  other regions of large reserves with a far  lower  domestic 
consumption and hence can play a major role in the global trade of energy.


Chart 1: Fossil fuel reserves of key consumers (2008)(5)

Regions                     A      B     C     D     E      F

World                    9,958    80    44     58    22    21
USA                      2,050    70    55     93     4     1
China                    1,855    37    18     95     3     3
Japan & Korea              640     4     4      0     0     0
Western Europe             616     8     4     75    13    13
Russia                     610   226   200     64    29     7
India                      404    87    31     95     2     2
Brazil & Argentina         207    22    15     59    13    28
Saudi Arabia               174   229    49      0    17    83
South Africa               129   133    55    100     0     0
Australia                  115   395   108     98     2     1
Egypt                       70    35    19      0    78    22

A = Consumption (Million tonnes of oil equivalent [MTOE]) 
B = Years of reserves if domestic consumption remains constant 
C = Years of reserves if domestic consumption grows business-asusual 
D = Coal Reserves* (% of total energy reserves) 
E = Gas Reserves* (% of total energy reserves) 
F = Oil Reserves* (% of total energy reserves)

(5) BP Statistical Review 

* The totals do not add up due to rounding off.

Oil  is the most widely traded commodity primarily because of its  ease  of 
handling  and  usage. However, oil exports are largely  controlled  by  the 
Middle East countries, Russia and Nigeria. The major oil importers are  the 
USA,  Western  Europe,  China,  India and Japan.  Increasing  cost  of  oil 
production,  falling reserves and increasing demand are likely to push  oil 
prices north(6). 

(6) EIA, FACTS, Internal Analysis 

Gas  as  a traded commodity is fast increasing,  facilitated  by  improving 
Liquefi  ed Natural Gas (LNG) infrastructure. The major gas  consumers  are 
USA,  Western  Europe and Japan whereas the main suppliers are  Russia  and 
countries  in the Middle East. The discovery of shale gas in North  America 
could, however, dramatically change the gas supply scenario leading to drop 
in  demand and stranded LNG capacity, resulting in lower gas prices in  the 
near term(7).

(7) EIA, FACTS, McKinsey Gas Report, Internal Analysis 

Sea  -  borne coal trade especially thermal coal is only about 15%  of  the 
total  coal consumption. The main importers of coal are USA, China,  India, 
Western Europe, Korea and Japan. The main suppliers are Russia,  Indonesia, 
Australia,  South Africa and Colombia. The USA has the largest reserves  of 
coal  but  is currently not exploiting them. Growing demand for  energy  in 
China  and  bottlenecks in internal supply in India are expected  to  drive 
global demand for coal in the near term.

At  a  macro level, this implies limited fossil fuel supply and  that  many 
people  might  in their lifetime see fossil fuel  availability  taper  off. 
Hence, prices of fossil fuels are expected to rise. This would also lead to 
an  increase  in electricity prices. Since major consuming  economies  like 
Western  Europe,  Japan,  South Korea and China do  not  have  suffi  cient 
domestic  resources,  nuclear  power and renewable sources  would  be  more 
important to fulfill their energy requirements.

1.3 Market Structure:

While  primary  energy  like  coal, gas and  oil  are  global  commodities, 
electricity  has traditionally been a more local/regional  commodity.  This 
picture  however  might see some change with  international  grids  getting 
connected.

(8) Internal Analysis, various websites 

Globally, a structure seems to be evolving where electricity generation and 
retail is open to competition and the wires will be a natural monopoly  and 
available to all. The power generated is sold to a common pool on the basis 
of  'Least  marginal  cost of supply' from where all  retailers  buy  their 
supply  needs.  The  markets permit direct hedging  contracts  between  the 
retailers and generators to manage price volatility of the common pool.

India has different models of power sale ranging from an integrated utility 
(the old State Electricity Board [SEB] structure), to a 'single buyer' (MoU 
based / regulated generation), to 'wholesale competition' (Ultra Mega Power 

Projects  [UMPPs], Case 1) and retail competition (Mumbai). It is  expected 
to migrate to developed market structure as soon as the gap between  demand 
and supply is narrowed.

While  the  electricity  market structure is subject to a  high  degree  of 
regulation,  the basic input to electricity i.e. fuel, remains free of  all 
control and can provide opportunities for a deregulated play over a  longer 
term  (in India fuel is not yet free of all control - coal mines are  still 
'allocated' and oil and gas prices are still administered).

An  analysis  of  the value chain from fuel to  electricity  generation  to 
transmission  to  distribution  and fi nally to retail  suggests  that  the 
maximum value lies on the fuel side followed by generation. The  volatility 
of returns in fuel, however, is higher as compared to that in generation.

1.4 India Scenario:

Current per capita consumption of electricity in India is about 700  kWh(9) 
which would have to grow 7-8 fold to provide a decent quality of life. At a 
GDP growth rate of 5-9%, the demand is expected to grow to about 3 times by 
2017(10).  It is expected that with the 12th five year plan  (2017),  India 
might  have suffi cient base load capacity. However, with  economic  growth 
there  will still be a need to add 115 GW to 190 GW of base  load  capacity 
between 2020 and 2030 i.e. about 12,000 MW to 19,000 MW every year.  Hence, 
there would be a need to continue adding base load capacity in the 13th and 
14th five year plans as well(11).

(9)  Central  Electricity Authority (CEA) Monthly Review of  Power  Sector, 
March 2010

(10)  McKinsey  and  Co.  'Powering India - the  Road  to  2017',  Internal 
Projections 

(11) EIA, Internal Analysis

The  major  fuel source for base load capacity addition is expected  to  be 
coal.  However, availability of domestic coal is a challenge on account  of 
various bottlenecks such as capacity expansion of Coal India Limited,  coal 
block  allocation,  tribal  land  acquisition,  environmental  and   forest 
clearances,  etc.  This  is  further  compounded  by  issues  around   land 
acquisition  for the power plant, water availability and ash  disposal  for 
domestic coal based plants.

The  expected  growth  would  mean  that about  40,000  MW  will  be  under 
construction  every year. About 75,000 to 80,000 new skilled workers  would 
be  required only for construction and operations in the power  sector(12). 
However,  the  power  sector faces  competition  from  both  infrastructure 
sectors  and other industries such as IT for skilled manpower. Further,  at 
an  average cost of Rs. 6 crores per MW covering all forms  of  generation, 
India  will  need  Rs.  240,000  to 300,000  crores  as  capital,  with  an 
additional requirement of about Rs. 60,000 crores to Rs. 80,000 crores  per 
year.  Hence, people development and funding are critical to cater  to  the 
growing demand. 

(12) Internal Analysis 

In  view of the inherent risks and challenges in developing  and  executing 
new projects and increasing fuel costs, the cost of generation is likely to 
increase.  However, the political will to pass on these costs to  consumers 
has  been  rather  weak, thereby forcing Governments  to  increase  subsidy 
bills. It is ironic that while the consumers are willing to pay for  diesel 
generation  sets and invertors from which the cost of power is  very  high, 
they  are unwilling to pay for power from the utilities. People need to  be 
educated  and  prepared  for price increases and the  Governments  need  to 
address this communication challenge. Unless the challenge of an increasing 
subsidy  bill  is  addressed  urgently, it  could  become  another  serious 
bottleneck in capacity addition.

Currently,  the power sector relies excessively on coal  based  generation. 
When  the climate change movement gathers momentum,India will need to  move 
away from coal to other power generation sources such as hydro and nuclear. 
Even without the challenge of climate change, just the sheer need for  more 
energy and the need for self - reliance will drive the Indian power  sector 
towards energy effi ciency, conservation and cleaner power.

Towards  this  end,  the  Company  has  enunciated  an  8  fold  path   for 
sustainability to address the fallouts and opportunities. It has undertaken 
various   initiatives   in  each  of  the  eight  areas   of   Environment, 
Architecture,  Community,  Business Practices,  Advocacy,  Renewables,  New 
Technology  and  New Models of Development. It has started the  Tata  Power 
Energy  Club  for  creating consumer awareness  and  established  renewable 
energy generation as part of the approach.

Nuclear  power  is  a  good alternative for  India.  However,  the  current 
technologies  which  are based on 'once through' nuclear reactors  may  not 
suffice  as  the world is also short of Uranium. The  three  stage  process 
adopted by India that uses reprocessed spent fuel in fast breeder reactors, 
eventually  moving to a Thorium based cycle would, therefore,  provide  the 
long term solution. 

1.5 Performance of the Indian Power Sector during the year 2009-10:

1.5.1 Generation:-

The total power generation in the country during FY10 was 771 Billion Units 
(BUs)  which comprised primarily 640.52 BUs thermal followed by 106.66  BUs 
hydro,  18.65  BUs  nuclear and 5.34 BUs import from  Bhutan.  The  average 
thermal  plant load factor was 77.5%. The installed generating capacity  in 
the  country  (as  shown in Chart 3) as on 31st  March,  2010  was  159.398 
GW(13).

(13) CEA, Infraline reports (14) CEA, CIL reports

Chart 3: Installed Capacity by Fuel (Capacity in GW and %)

Coal           84.1      53%
Gas            17.1      11%
Hydro          36.9      23%
Nuclear         4.6       3%
RE             15.5      10%

1.5.2 Capacity Addition:

The capacity addition in the 8th, 9th and 10th five year plans put together 
was  56.722  GW. The 11th plan (2007-2012) target is  78.700  GW.  Capacity 
commissioned  during 11th plan (up to 31st March, 2010) is 22.302  GW  with 
about 40.072 GW under construction. The country is, therefore, expected  to 
add  substantially  more  capacity  in the 11th plan  as  compared  to  the 
previous plans. This expected capacity addition, however, is still short of 
the target.

1.5.3 Fuel Availability - Coal:

Domestic  availability of coal has been inadequate for meeting the  growing 
requirement for electricity generation. Import of coal is, therefore, being 
resorted to during the last few years and utility-wise allocation is  being 
made by the Ministry of Power in consultation with CEA. The import of  coal 
is  set to rise from about 50 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) currently  to 
over 150 MTPA by 2013(14).

(14) CEA, CIL reports

1.5.4 Fuel Availability - Gas:

The  installed generation capacity of gas based power stations as  on  31st 
March,  2010 was about 17.055 GW. Since the commencement of gas  production 
by  Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) from their KG D-6 gas fi elds in  the 
month  of  April  2009 and the allocation of gas to  the  power  sector  on 
priority,  the supply situation has improved considerably. Gas  requirement 
in  the 12th plan would be 90 million metric standard cubic meters per  day 
(MMSCMD).

1.5.5 Transmission:

The  rate of growth of the transmission network (at voltages of 220 kV  and 
above) during the past decade has been at about 6 - 7% per annum. The inter 
-  regional transmission capacity has increased from 5.050 GW (end  of  9th 
plan)  to 20.750 GW by March 2009. However, this still falls short  of  the 
14%  per annum growth in transmission capacity targeted in the  11th  plan. 
The  Government  policy  plans to increase inter  -  regional  transmission 
capacity  to  58.700 GW by 2015. It is expected that  thereafter,  inter  - 
regional transmission will not be a constraint(15).

(15) CEA, Infraline reports

1.5.6 Distribution:

Power Distribution still remains a segment that needs signifi cant  reform, 
as this would have a direct impact on the sector's commercial viability and 
ultimately  on  the  consumers.  The  sector  has  been  plagued  by   high 
distribution losses and low billing recovery, resulting in poor fi  nancial 
health  of  the utilities. After the mediocre results  of  the  Accelerated 
Power  Development  and  Reforms  Programme  (APDRP),  the  Government  has 
introduced the Revised Accelerated Power Development and Reforms  Programme 
(R-APDRP).  The program is to be implemented in 2 phases. The focus of  the 
fi  rst phase is on implementation of Information Technology  (IT)  systems 
for  distribution.  This  is to be followed  by  large  scale  distribution 
franchising  in  the second phase in order to remove ineffi  ciencies.  The 
reform  of the distribution sector is also crucial for the success  of  the 
generation  sector  as  the generation companies cannot sell  power  to  fi 
nancially unviable entities(16).

(16) CEA, Infraline reports

1.5.7 Power Trading:

Of the total electricity generation in India in FY10, the short term  power 
market comprised only 8 per cent. Organized power trading started in  India 
after  the  enactment  of  the Electricity Act, 2003  (EA  2003).  EA  2003 
recognized  trading as a distinct licensed activity and provided for non  - 
discriminatory  open  access to generators, consumers and  licensees.  Tata 
Power  Trading Company Limited (Tata Power Trading) was the fi rst  company 
to  be granted a license by the Central Electricity  Regulatory  Commission 
(CERC) in June 2004. Presently, there are 45 licensed traders, of which the 
active  players  are  Tata Power Trading, PTC India  Limited,  NTPC  Vidyut 
Vyapar  Nigam Limited, Adani Enterprises Limited, Reliance  Energy  Trading 
Limited,  Lanco  Electric  Utility Limited and JSW  Power  Trading  Company 
Limited.

2. OPPORTUNITIES AND OUTLOOK

2.1 Domestic:

2.1.1 Generation:-

*  The  country  still needs to add substantial  generation  capacity.  The 
opportunities in power generation will, therefore, be available across  all 
forms of generation from coal to renewables.

*  Gas  based power generation opportunities are likely to  emerge  in  the 
Indian market from both domestic gas and LNG.

* The Government is expected to float bids for 2 domestic coal based  UMPPs 
of  4,000 MW each during the year. More such opportunities are expected  in 
the near term. 

*  Many  central  and  state  agencies  are  looking  for  Public   Private 
Partnership  (PPP) model for fuel sourcing and generation. The  Company  is 
exploring these opportunities.

* The UMPP model is also likely to be followed for hydro projects.

2.1.2 Distributed Generation:

* Large rural population (about 400 million) with no access to  electricity 
also  presents  an  opportunity in  decentralized  distributed  generation. 
Combining  renewable power with distributed generation is one way  to  meet 
rural demand.

2.1.3 Renewables:

* The National Solar Mission has presented an opportunity to grow the solar 
generation portfolio of the Company and the Company is looking forward to a 
300 MW market for installed capacity by 2013.

*  The  introduction of the Renewable Energy Certifi cate  (REC)  mechanism 
would help manage the liquidity in the renewable energy market by  allowing 
States that lack renewable energy sources to meet their Renewable  Purchase 
Obligation  (RPO).  This  would stimulate growth in  the  renewable  energy 
space.

2.1.4 Distribution:

* Many States - notably Haryana and Rajasthan - have appointed advisors  to 
help them in rolling out distribution franchisees last year. The Government 
of Uttar Pradesh is also looking for privatization of distribution circles. 
More  distribution  opportunities  are anticipated in the  near  term.  The 
Company   will   review   each  opportunity  and   participate   in   these 
opportunities. 

2.1.5 Transmission:

* Power Finance Corporation Limited (PFC) has initiated bids for the  Ultra 
Mega Transmission Projects (UMTP). These are likely to come up for  bidding 
during the year.

2.2 International:

* Nuclear power is the next big opportunity in India subject to  Government 
approvals  and  breakthroughs in fast breeder technologies.  While  private 
sector  has  not  been  allowed  to  participate  in  India,  international 
opportunities could present themselves.

*  For  derisking  coal  availability in India,  the  Company  is  actively 
pursuing coal opportunities in Indonesia and Southern Africa.

*  The economic crisis last year has brought overleveraged  and  distressed 
operating   assets  to  the  market.  The  Company  is   evaluating   these 
opportunities for diversifying construction and country risk.

*  The Company continues to scout for energy sources around the world.  The 
Company  is also looking for opportunities in renewables  and  particularly 
geothermal energy in suitable global markets.

3. RISKS, THREATS AND CONCERNS:

The  large opportunity for additional generation capacity created  by  high 
economic growth will be subject to a lot of risks which the government  and 
utilities will need to address:

* While domestic coal supply is inadequate to meet current demand, there is 
not  enough  infrastructure in both the exporting countries  and  India  to 
handle  large quantities of coal for import into India. This is  likely  to 
lead to higher fuel costs which will need to be passed on to the consumers.

* Delays in land acquisition, environmental clearances and other  approvals 
remain an area of concern.

*  Lack  of water is another threat to the capacity addition  plans,  since 
about  79%  of the upcoming capacity will be in areas  of  water  scarcity. 
There  is a need to address this through de-salination plants  or  building 

more coastal power plants.

*  The rising subsidy bill of distribution companies (discoms) needs to  be 
addressed for the long term viability of the sector in India and remains  a 
concern.

* Another cause of concern faced by the infrastructure sector and the power 
sector  in particular is the lack of manpower. India requires about  75,000 
to 80,000 new skilled workers per year only for the power sector.

*  The availability and cost of capital for funding of new  projects  could 
also  be  a  cause  of  concern, given  that  power  projects  are  capital 
intensive. The economy and the monetary policy will need to play a key role 
in ensuring that these projects receive timely funds.

*  The  imposition  of  export restrictions or  levy  of  taxes  by  energy 
exporting countries could make the cost of imported energy into India  even 
more expensive and unaffordable for the common man.

4. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY:

With  signifi cant movements in distribution / retail segment and  upcoming 
generation  projects,  the  focus  of IT operations  during  the  year  was 
primarily  towards IT enablement of business processes to help business  to 
ensure  sustainability and competitiveness. This was achieved  through  the 
use of SAP as the base platform. The major business processes that were  IT 
enabled  include  generation and transmission billing, power  purchase  and 
sale  and  application handling for changeover and new  consumers.  Another 
area  of  thrust  in non-SAP systems was to introduce state-of-the-art 
software  systems  /  technologies for  project  collaboration,  compliance 
monitoring   and  document  management  systems  across   the   enterprise. 
Assessment  studies on SAP utilization and server hardware  were  conducted 
using services of renowned consultants for future IT roadmap.

5. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE COMPANY

5.1 Standalone results:

During the year, the Total Income at Rs. 7,379.85 crores was lower by 6% as 
compared  to Rs. 7,868.58 crores in the previous year. Operating Income  at 
Rs.  7,098.27  crores  for  the year was lower by 2%  as  compared  to  Rs. 
7,236.23  crores in the previous year. The decline was mainly due to  lower 
fuel costs in the Mumbai regulated business. The decrease in the fuel  cost 
from Rs. 4,807.65 crores to Rs. 4,045.56 crores was mainly due to a decline 
in prices both domestically and internationally.

Further,  the  Company  also reduced the fuel cost by  replacing  oil  with 
cheaper RLNG gas, thereby reducing the tariff for the end consumers.

The cost of power purchased was lower at Rs. 251.69 crores compared to  Rs. 
493.50 crores during the previous year, mainly due to lower power cost  and 
lower purchases. Other operating expenses were higher at Rs. 922.41  crores 
in the current year (Rs. 794.14 crores in the previous year). This increase 
is  attributable  to  higher  employee  costs  and  higher  operations  and 
maintenance  costs  for the existing and new units that  were  commissioned 
during the year.

Depreciation  was  higher  at Rs. 477.94 crores in the  current  year  (Rs. 
328.85  crores  in the previous year) mainly on account of the  first  full 
year  of operation of Trombay 250 MW Unit 8 Power Plant, Units 1 and  2  of 
Haldia  Power Plant, commissioning of Unit 3 of Haldia Power Plant and  new 
wind farms. Interest and fi nance charges were higher at Rs. 422.99  crores 
in  the  current year (Rs. 327.76 crores in the previous  year)  mainly  on 
account of higher capitalization and increased borrowings.

Tax was higher at Rs. 320.50 crores in the current year (Rs. 194.48  crores 
in the previous year) mainly on account of higher profi t before tax during 
the year. 

Thus, the Profit after Tax (PAT) accordingly increased to Rs. 938.76 crores 
as against Rs. 922.20 crores in the previous year. Basic earnings per share 
(EPS)  on  distributable  profi  ts of Rs.  947.65  crores  (previous  year 
Rs.967.50  crores)  stood at Rs. 40.77 as against Rs. 43.69, a  decline  of 
about  7%. This is mainly due to the increase in the equity  capital  (from 
22,14,24,443  shares  to  23,73,07,236 shares) due  to  the  conversion  of 
Foreign  Currency Convertible Bonds (FCCBs) and issue of shares  underlying 
Global Depository Receipts (GDRs).

During the year, the net addition of Rs. 1,024.94 crores to the Gross Block 
was  mainly  on  account of Unit 3 of Haldia Power Plant,  new  wind  farms 
commissioned during the year and other capitalization in Mumbai Operations. 
The  Net Current Assets as on 31st March, 2010 were higher at Rs.  3,785.99 
crores as compared to Rs. 2,609.82 crores in the previous year.  Borrowings 
at  Rs.  5,872.01 crores as on 31st March, 2010 were higher by  Rs.  673.81 
crores  as compared to the previous year. Net Worth of the Company  of  Rs. 
9,131.97 crores as on 31st March, 2010 was higher by Rs. 1,946.81 crores as 
compared  to  previous  year  primarily on  account  of  retained  profits, 
increase in share capital and securities premium due to the issue of GDRs.

Debt/Equity  Ratio decreased from 0.60 in the previous year to 0.55  as  on 
31st March, 2010.

The  increase in share capital resulted in a decrease in the Return on  Net 
Worth from 14% in the previous year to 10% as on 31st March, 2010.

5.2 Consolidated Results:

The  Consolidated Operating Revenue at Rs. 18,985.84 crores grew by  5%  as 
against  Rs.  18,061.32 crores in the previous year. The  increase  in  the 
Consolidated Operating Revenue was primarily on account of the higher  coal 
sales in Indonesian Coal Companies and higher revenue in North Delhi  Power 
Limited (NDPL).

Profi  t before Tax, share of Associates, Minority Interest  and  Statutory 
Appropriations stood at Rs. 2,767.30 crores as against Rs. 2,463.83 crores, 
a growth of 12%.

Interest charged on a consolidated basis at Rs. 763.87 crores was higher by 
8% as against Rs. 708.74 crores in the previous year, primarily on  account 
of additional loans taken by the Company and its subsidiaries. Depreciation 
was also higher by 34% at Rs. 877.68 crores as against Rs. 656.49 crores in 
the previous year. Provision for Tax stood at Rs. 628.66 crores as  against 
Rs.  1,165.10  crores in the previous year. The decrease is mainly  due  to 
lower  profi  t from coal companies and reversal of deferred tax  by  NDPL. 
Further,  the  previous  year also included a provision made  by  the  coal 
companies in respect of pre - acquisition tax liability.

The  PAT after adjusting for share of Associates and Minority  Interest  at 
Rs. 1,966.84 crores was higher by 61% as compared to Rs. 1,218.74 crores of 
the  previous  year. The Consolidated PAT is higher mainly  on  account  of 
higher  revenue,  forex gain in Coastal Gujarat Power  Limited  (CGPL)  and 
lower impairment of investment compared to the previous year.

6. RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE AND STRUCTURE:

Risk  Management as a formal exercise began in the Company in 2004  -  well 
before the Clause 49 mandate. Risks are evaluated based on the  probability 
and  impact of each risk. The Risk Register contains the  mitigation  plans 
for eleven categories of risks. Risk Owners prepare their risk plans  which 
include responsibilities and timelines. These are periodically updated  for 
the  actions  taken.  Six Risk Management  Sub-Committees  (RMSCs)  closely 
monitor and review the risk plans. The Company's Risk Management  Committee 
(RMC)  comprises  the Executive Directors, Chief Risk Offi  cer  and  other 
senior  managers. The RMC meets every quarter to review the risk plans  and 
to  suggest  further mitigation action points. During the year,  review  at 
business unit level was initiated to cover the major risks of each division 
by  Divisional  RMSC and subsequent review by RMC. A  consultant  has  been 
engaged to benchmark the Risk Management Process.

An  update  on  the major risks is presented every  quarter  to  the  Audit 
Committee   of  Directors  (Audit  Committee).  The  major  risks   include 
volatility  in  prices  of  fuel and availability  of  fuel,  country  risk 
regarding  coal  investments, cost competitiveness of  generation,  project 
execution  related risks, stricter emission norms impacting generation  and 
projects,  volume  risk  due to open access, impact of  global  fi  nancial 
turmoil, major threats from terrorism / sabotage, etc. The Risk  Management 
Policy is reviewed and revised annually. The risk areas are covered in  the 
risk based Internal Audit Plan.

* Internal controls and systems:

The  Internal  Audit function has been outsourced to a  firm  of  Chartered 
Accountants who conduct the audit on the basis of an Annual Audit Plan. The 
Internal  Audit process includes review and evaluation of effectiveness  of 
the existing processes, controls and compliance. It also ensures  adherence 
to  policies and systems and mitigation of the operational risks  perceived 
for  each area under audit. The departmental performance is  rated  through 
the  Control  Effectiveness Index given by the Internal  Auditors.  Signifi 
cant observations including recommendations for improvement of the business 
processes  are  reviewed by the management before reporting  to  the  Audit 
Committee.

The Audit Committee then reviews the Internal Audit reports and the  status 
of implementation of the agreed action plan.

7. CAUTIONARY STATEMENT:

Statements  in  the  Management Discussion  and  Analysis,  describing  the 
Company's objectives, projections and estimates may be forward

-  looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws  and 
regulations.  Actual  results  may vary from those  expressed  or  implied, 
depending   upon  economic  conditions,  Government  policies   and   other 

incidental / related factors.